Judging Research Studies

Research choosen:

Field, Joy M. and Sroufe, Robert P. (2007). The use of recycled materials in manufacturing: implications for supply chain management and operations strategy, International Journal of Production Research, 45:18, 4439-4463. [Retrieved May 26,2012, from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207540701440287.]

The study by Field and Robert(2007) shows that it is clearly related to its literature review of others study. The purpose of this study is to examine a reverse supply chain issue that has not been previously addressed in the literature review.

For example, in page 4442,the literature review clearly state of other study on supply chain management and their study falls in the third category and is more narrowly focused on examining the affects of recycled materials in manufacturing materials on existing supply chain systems.

The problem statement also clearly stated of the impact of recycled material of does it effect on the cost ,time,management,etc on the supply chain management.

The issue with its hypothesis is that,this research knows what to aim but doesn’t clearly pointed out its hypothesis.The author should give the hypothesis in point form to make sure the reader are easy to understand of this research.

The methodology section of this research also do not has been clearly stated of who is their respondent and way of approaching their respondent.It only stated the independent and dependent variable of the research.The same problem also goes to their sample of who are their sample,and only shows the result of their sample.

Overall,their results and discussion also with reference are clearly stated which show management should aware more of the environmental issues,as the waste produce by manufacturer affect on the environment.

Poster presentation

Many of non muslim in Malaysia perceive halal as no pork.This research show results on what are the opinion of the non muslim people on the halal.The limitation of this study is that what is actually halal define by the Jakim?.

This poster basically tells us on how people perceived on the worker of blue and white collar with tattoo.Result show that blue collar worker are more favorable in wearing tattoo rather than white collar.The limitation to this research is that how does employer or company perceive on the worker that have tattoos.

Reference:

Poster presentation in Faculty of Economic and Business of UNIMAS,3rd year students.(23 may 2012)

My new topic 2

    After going through studying the scope in business area,i  am very interested in studying about green environment.Therefore,the usage of paper bag in packing up thing will be my new topic

Ethnography study in marketing.

            Berner (2006) said that Ethnography study in marketing is a software tool allows researchers to study human behaviors and plot them along dimensions that reveal product and service needs.

One of the more widely cited benefits of conducting ethnographic research is that due to the first-hand observation that is involved, usually conducted over an extended period of time, the research can provide extensive and in-depth findings about human behavior. In addition, because ethnographic research relies on observation rather than examinations or predetermined tests, the research can evolve and explore new lines of inquiry(Mowatt, 2011).

The challenges of this study is this software tool cannot predicts for a long term as human need changes from time to time.

Reference:
1.Berner,R. (2006). The Ethnography of Marketing , Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved May 14, 2012, from http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/jun2006/id20060612_919537.htm.

2. Mowatt, K. (2011). Advantages & Disadvantages of Ethnographic Research, eHow.com. Retrieved May 14, 2012, from http://www.ehow.com/facts_7603988_advantages-disadvantages-ethnographic-research.html

Fact and Theory

    According to Pratt (1998) facts usually remain the same and theories often change.Facts are also empirically true and can be support by evidence.This tells us that fact,are remain the same even for decades.While theory are changing according to current situation.Theory are make out by making research where it will lead the research of what is happening.Theory are make out based on 3 steps of methodology ,Pratt (1998) which is first,make an observation,second come out with a theory and lastly use the theory to predict future observations.It is necessary to repeat those steps until the research question are answered.

   Pratt (1998) stated that, general in science, "facts" refer to the observations.This will tells us that fact do related to theory.Fact is also something that has happened such as space travelling is commonly true.Hence,we can conclude that theory is based on our personal observation after making assumption from other,meanwhile,fact cannot be change and will remain same because it is something that people hold on onto many years.

Reference:
1.Pratt, P. J. (1998). Fact or Theory?.  johnpratt.com. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.johnpratt.com/items/astronomy/science.html 

Inductive or Deductive

As stated (Egan, 2004) Deductive:argument from general terms to particular conclusions,thus analytical and certain.Deduced ,or capable of being deduced,from premises.Deductive research is associated with scientific view of research.

Inductive:making empirical (i.e found on experience and observation and not theory)generalizations by observing particular instances.The conclusions go beyond the facts so they can never be more than strong possibilities.Inductive research is associated with qualitative methods (Egan, 2004).

Hence, I conclude that my research on ‘Cutomer’s Perception Towards Retailing In Kuching’ is based on both inductive and deductive type of research.As a prove ,from literature review,i will collect data from previous related research on retailing in business,thus making an hypothesis on what do customer perceive from the retailing.This is what we call as deductive where we make first impression based on others observation.After a way of research,I would certainly will collect as many data by personal research to prove my hypothesis is true.This personal observation in the end of certain research is called as inductive.

From my topic of ‘Cutomer’s Perception Towards Retailing In Kuching’,I have narrow down from retailing in business into what people perceived of the retailing and decided to do this project in the area of Kuching,Sarawak.This narrowed topic are make by questioning many questions related to the retailing such as what is retailing?,is it important to customer?,does it burden the customer?.


All of this research question will sort out of what actually we want to solve in business area of problem,therefore I decided to solve what are the customer perception towards the retailing channel of distribution?Do they really satisfied with the retailing kind of business?Does they feel the burden of retailing?.

Reference:

1. Egan, J. (2004). Relationship Marketing(Second Edition). Harlow, England:Pearson Education Limited.

Theoretical Framework and Conceptual Framework

    

   A theoretical framework is a collection of interrelated concepts, like a theory but not necessarily so well worked-out. (Borgatti, 1996).This is mean by theoretical framework is set of data we gathered to approved that our hypothesis is true.By knowing our scope of theoretical ,we can give strength to our hypothesis hence making the theoretical framework are very important and they are support by general knowledge of related topic.Take an example of a research conducting the effect of smoking on health,thus we gather data related to many people having sick are related to smoking will be our theoretical framework to show that smoking does affect our health.

Miles and Huberman (1994) defined a conceptual framework as a visual or written product, one that “explains, either graphically or in narrative form, the main things to be studied—the key factors, concepts,or variables—and the presumed relationships among them” (p. 18).As stated ,anonymous (2003) stated that conceptual framework is the basis for thinking about what we do and about what it means, influenced by the ideas and research of others.

From here,we can conclude that theoretical framework is making a new theory based on perception on ,other related research (conceptual framework) and gathering data to prove our theory is true.

Reference:

1.      Borgatti, P. S. (1996). Elements of Research. Analytictech. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.analytictech.com/mb313/elements.htm.

2.      Anonymous (2003).What is a conceptual framework?. Healthy Women – Healthy Communities project. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.lazogroup.ca/msproject/framework1-e.php